Background:
Early studies suggested that coffee consumption may increase the risk of chronic disease.
Objective:
We investigated prospectively the association between coffee consumption and the risk of chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes (T2D), myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and cancer.
Design:
We used data from 42,659 participants of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)–Germany study. Coffee consumption was assessed by self-administered food frequency questionnaire at baseline, and data on medically verified incident chronic diseases were collected by active and passive follow-up procedures. HRs and 95% CIs were calculated with multivariate Cox regression models and compared by competing risk analysis.
Results:
During 8.9 y of follow-up, we observed 1432 cases of T2D, 394 of MI, 310 of stroke, and 1801 of cancer as first qualifying events. Caffeinated (HR: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.84, 1.05) or decaffeinated(HR: 1.05; 95% CI: 0.84, 1.31) coffee consumption (>4 cups/d compared with 4 cups/d compared with Conclusion: Our findings suggest that coffee consumption does not increase the risk of chronic disease, but it may be linked to a lower risk of T2D.
