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Latest research:
K Torres-Duarte
Association Between Maternal Diet During Pregnancy and the Risk of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. An Overview
Cancer Reps
J H O'Keefe
Effects of habitual coffee consumption on cardiometabolic disease, cardiovascular health, and all-cause mortality
Journal of the American College of Cardiology
A Tranidou
Association of Food-Specific Glycemic Load and Distinct Dietary Components with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Within a Mediterranean Dietary Pattern: A Prospective Cohort Study
Nutrients
K Torres-Duarte
Association Between Maternal Diet During Pregnancy and the Risk of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. An Overview
Cancer Reps
J H O'Keefe
Effects of habitual coffee consumption on cardiometabolic disease, cardiovascular health, and all-cause mortality
Journal of the American College of Cardiology
A Tranidou
Association of Food-Specific Glycemic Load and Distinct Dietary Components with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Within a Mediterranean Dietary Pattern: A Prospective Cohort Study
Nutrients
GI function

References

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GI function
More information
Overview
Global prevalence
Effects of coffee consumption
Stomach disorders
Intestinal disorders
Bowel disorders
Disorders of other intestinal organs
Emerging research - gut microbiota
References
  1. Nehlig A. (2022) Effects of Coffee onthe Gastro-Intestinal Tract: A Narrative Review and Literature Update. Nutrients, 14(2):399.
  2. Koochakpoor G. et al (2022) Association between coffee and caffeine intake and functional dyspepsia. Nut Res, 102:35-44.
  3. Fox M., Prakash Gyawali C. (2023) Dietary factors involved in GERD management. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol, 62-63:101826.
  4. Cheng Y. et al. (2020) Systematic assessment of environmental factors for gastroesophageal reflux disease: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Dig Liver Dis, 53(5):566-573.
  5. Shimamoto T, et al. (2013). No association of coffee consumption with gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, reflux esophagitis, and non-erosive reflux disease: across-sectional study of 8,013 healthy subjects in Japan. PLoS One, 8(6):e65996.
  6. Campmans-Kuijpers M.J.E.,Dijkstra G. (2021) Food and Food Groups in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): The Design of the Groningen Anti-Inflammatory Diet (GrAID), Nutrients, 13(4):1067.
  7. Lee J.Y. et al. (2023) Examining the Association between Coffee Intake and the Risk of Developing Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients, 15(22):4745.
  8. Nie J.Y. et al. (2017) Beverage consumption and risk of ulcerative colitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies. Med, 96(49):e9070.
  9. Leitzmann M.F. et al. (1999) A prospective study of coffee consumption and risk of symptomatic gallstone disease in men. JAMA, 281:2106-12.
  10. Leitzmann M.F. et al. (2002) Coffee intake is associated with lower risk of symptomatic gallstone disease in women. Gastroenterol, 123:1823-30.
  11. Ruhl C.E. et al. (2000) Association of coffee consumption with gallbladder disease. Am J Epidemiol, 152:1034-8.
  12. Yu J. et al. (2023) Coffee, Green Tea Intake, and the Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies, Nutr Cancer, 75(5):1295-1308.
  13. Bhurwal A. et al. (2020) Inverse Association of Coffee with Liver Cancer Development: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JGastrointestin Liver Dis, 29(3):421-428.
  14. Saygili S. etal. (2024) Effects of Coffee on Gut Microbiota and Bowel Functions in Health and Diseases: A Literature Review. Nutrients, 16(18):3155.
  15. Loomis D, et al.(2016) Carcinogenicity of drinking coffee, maté, and very hot beverages. The Lancet Oncology, 17(7):877-8.
  16. Sperber A.D. et al. (2021) Worldwide Prevalence and Burden of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, Results of Rome Foundation Global Study. Gastroenterol, 160(1):99-114.e3.
  17. Schubert M.M. et al. (2017) Caffeine, coffee, and appetite control: a review. Int J Food Sci Nutr, 68, 901-912.
  18. Song H. (2022) Coffee consumption is not associated with the risk of gastric cancer: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Nut Res, 102:35-44.
  19. Poorolajal J.et al. (2020) Risk factors for stomach cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Epidemiol Health, 42:e2020004
  20. Malfertheiner P. et al. (2023) Helicobacterpylori infection. Nat Rev Dis Primers, 20;9(1):19.
  21. Bravi F. et al.(2007). Coffee drinking and hepatocellular carcinoma risk: a meta-analysis. Hepatol.46:430-5.
  22. Sloots C.E.J. et al. (2005) Stimulation of defecation: Effects of coffee use and nicotine on rectal tone and visceral sensitivity. Scan J Gastroenterol, 40:808-13.
  23. Latthe A., Tan A., Latthe P. (2024) The Effectiveness of Caffeine in Reducing Constipation in Adults: A Systematic Review. Int Urogynecol J, 36(2):253-264
  24. Emile S.H. et al. (2023) Does drinking coffee reduce the risk of colorectal cancer? A qualitative umbrella review of systematic reviews. Tech Coloproctol, s10151-023-02804-3.Epub2023.
  25. Zhao M. et al. (2022) Systematic review with meta-analysis: environmental and dietary differences of inflammatory bowel disease in Eastern and Western populations. Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 55(3):266-276.
  26. Almofarreh A. et al. (2024) Association between coffee, tea, and soft drinks consumption and Crohn's disease in Arab populations: A case-control study. Clin Nutr Open Sci, 55:116-122.
  27. Koochakpoor G. et al. (2021) Association of Coffee and Caffeine Intake With Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Adults. Front Nutr, 8:632469.
  28. Tanaka K. et al. (2024) Coffee and caffeine intake reduces risk of ulcerative colitis: a case-control study in Japan. J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 39(3):512-518.
  29. Mills C.E. et al. (2015) In vitro colonic metabolism of coffee and chlorogenic acid results in selective changes in human faecal microbiota growth. Br J Nutr, 113:1220-7.
  30. Manghi P. etal. (2024) Coffee consumption is associated with intestinal Lawsonibacterasaccharolyticus abundance and prevalence across multiple cohorts. Nat Microbiol, 9:3120–3134.
  31. Gniechwitz D. et al. (2007) Dietary fiber from coffee beverage: degradation by human fecal microbiota. J Agric Food Chem, 55:6989-96.
  32. Moco S. et al. (2012) Metabolomics view on gut microbiome modulation by polyphenol-rich foods. J Proteome Res, 11:4781-4790.
  33. Douglas B.R. et al. (1990) Coffee stimulation and cholecystokinin release and gallbladder contraction in humans. Am J Clin Nut, 52:553-6.
  34. Saab S, et al. (2014). Impact of coffee on liver disease a systematic review. Liver Int, 34(4):495-504.
  35. World Cancer Research Fund International (WCRFI) (2007) ‘Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity and the Prevention of Cancer: A Global Perspective’ Available at:  http://www.dietandcancerreport.org/.
  36. Luo J. et al. (2007) Green tea and coffee intake and risk of pancreatic cancer in a large-scale, population-based cohort study in Japan (JPHC study). Eur J Cancer Prev, 16:542-8.
  37. Dong J. et al. (2011) Coffee drinking and pancreatic cancer risk: a meta-analysis. World J Gastroenterol, 17(9):1204-10.
  38. Turati F. et al. (2011) A meta-analysis of coffee consumption and pancreatic cancer. Annals Oncol, 23(2):311-8.
  39. Turati F. et al. (2011) Coffee, decaffeinated coffee, tea, and pancreatic cancer risk: a pooled-analysis of two Italian case-control studies. Eur J Cancer Prevention, 20(4):287-92.
  40. Lee HS & O’Mahony M. (2002) At What Temperatures Do Consumers Like to Drink Coffee?: Mixing Methods. JFd Sci
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Emerging research - gut microbiota
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More information
Overview
Global prevalence
Effects of coffee consumption
Stomach disorders
Intestinal disorders
Bowel disorders
Disorders of other intestinal organs
Emerging research - gut microbiota
References

Latest research

All research
GI function

Effects of coffee consumption on the recovery of gastrointestinal functions after gynecological laparotomy-a randomized controlled trial

C H Kao et al, 2025. Effects of coffee consumption on the recovery of gastrointestinal functions after gynecological laparotomy-a randomized controlled trial, Health Care Women International.

June 4, 2025

GI function

The Associations of Tobacco, Alcohol, and Coffee Consumption with Upper and Lower Gastrointestinal Disease Risk: A Mendelian Randomization Study

F Xue et al, 2025. The Associations of Tobacco, Alcohol, and Coffee Consumption with Upper and Lower Gastrointestinal Disease Risk: A Mendelian Randomization Study, Gut Liver.

April 14, 2025

GI function

Association between coffee and caffeine intake and functional dyspepsia

G Koochakpoor et al, 2024 Association between coffee and caffeine intake and functional dyspepsia, Scientific Reports.

January 6, 2025

Information campaigns

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GI function

Coffee and digestion

Did you know that drinking coffee can help reduce the risk of certain digestive disorders, such as gallstone disease and pancreatitis? Watch our new video about the impact of coffee on digestion to find out more!

Video/audio
December 1, 2020
GI function

Coffee and digestion

Did you know that drinking coffee can help reduce the risk of certain digestive disorders, such as gallstone disease and pancreatitis? Watch our new video about the impact of coffee on digestion to find out more!

Video/audio
December 1, 2020
GI function

Coffee and its effect on digestion

There have been a number of studies published on coffee and its effect on different areas of digestion; some reporting favourable effects, while other studies report fewer positive effects. This report provides an overview of this body of research, highlighting a number of interesting findings that have emerged to date.

Reports
May 29, 2020
GI function

Coffee and its effect on digestion

There have been a number of studies published on coffee and its effect on different areas of digestion; some reporting favourable effects, while other studies report fewer positive effects. This report provides an overview of this body of research, highlighting a number of interesting findings that have emerged to date.

Reports
May 29, 2020
GI function

Coffee and metabolic syndrome - a review of the latest research

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterised by a number of components that are associated with accelerated arterial ageing and cardiovascular events. These include raised blood pressure, dyslipidaemia, raised fasting glucose and central obesity. Research across a European cohort has suggested that MetS has a prevalence of 24.3%.

Reports
November 26, 2019
GI function

Coffee and metabolic syndrome - a review of the latest research

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterised by a number of components that are associated with accelerated arterial ageing and cardiovascular events. These include raised blood pressure, dyslipidaemia, raised fasting glucose and central obesity. Research across a European cohort has suggested that MetS has a prevalence of 24.3%.

Reports
November 26, 2019
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