ABSTRACT
Background and aims:
Due to tight academic activity and poor time management, consumption of caffeine among university are increased day by day. Despite the stimulating effects, the effects of caffeine on health remain unexplored in Bangladesh. This study aimed to investigate caffeine consumption patterns among university students in Dhaka, Bangladesh, focusing on associated side effects and withdrawal symptoms.
Methods:
A quantitative cross-sectional survey was conducted from June to September 2024, involving simple random sampling of students aged 18 and above (mean ± SD = 23.15 ± 2.79) across various universities. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire covering demographic profiles, caffeine consumption patterns, and side effects. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS, employing descriptive statistics and logistic regression models to identify associations between caffeine use and demographic factors.
Results:
Among the surveyed students, about 34.0% drinking caffeine once daily, and 34.8% consuming caffeine two to three times daily. Tea (82.6%) emerged as the preferred source, followed by coffee (35.8%). Notably, female students reported higher consumption rates than males (AOR: 1.2, 95% CI: 0.82-1.81, p < 0.001). Students from non-nutrition background have higher caffeine intake than nutrition background student (AOR: 2.53, 95% CI: 1.65-3.86, p < 0.001). Withdrawal symptoms reported by students were common, particularly headaches, which were significantly correlated with higher consumption of caffeine (p < 0.001). Additionally, muscle pain and sleep disturbances were linked to increased caffeine intake, highlighting the potential for physical dependence and health issues. Students often reported using caffeine to enhance focus and manage academic stress, with 90.2% indicating habitual consumption.
Conclusion:
These findings highlight the widespread caffeine consumption among students, particularly among females and those from non-nutrition backgrounds, raising concerns about potential dependence and associated health issues. Addressing caffeine use can enhance student well-being and academic performance, emphasizing the need for awareness and education on its effects. Longitudinal studies are also need to be carried out for evidence-based intervention.
