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Type 2 diabetes

Changes in coffee intake and subsequent risk of type 2 diabetes: three large cohorts of US men and women

S N Bhupathiraju et al, 2014
Diabetologia, published online ahead of print
April 25, 2014

ABSTRACT:

Aims/Hypothesis

Coffee and tea consumption has been associated with a lower type 2 diabetes risk but little is known about how changes in coffee and tea consumption influence subsequent type 2 diabetes risk. We examined the association between 4 year changes in coffee and tea consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes in the subsequent 4 years.

Methods

We prospectively followed 48,464 women in the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS; 1986-2006), 47,510 women in NHS II (1991-2007) and 27,759 men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS; 1986-2006). Diet was assessed every 4 years using a validated food-frequency questionnaire. Self-reported cases of incident type 2 diabetes were validated by supplementary questionnaires.

Results

During 1,663,319 person-years of follow-up, we documented 7,269 cases of incident type 2 diabetes. Participants who increased their coffee consumption by more than 1 cup/day (median change = 1.69 cups/day) over a 4 year period had an 11% (95% CI 3%,18%) lower risk of type 2 diabetes in the subsequent 4 years compared with those who made no changes in consumption. Participants who decreased their coffee intake by more than 1 cup/day (median change =-2cups/day) had a 17% (95% CI8%,26%) higher risk for type 2 diabetes. Changes in tea consumption were not associated with type 2 diabetes risk.

Conclusions/interpretation:

Our data provide novel evidence that increasing coffee consumption over a 4 year period is associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes, while decreasing coffee consumption is associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes in subsequent years.

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