Context:

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is common after ambulatory surgery performed under general anesthesia. Anecdotal evidence suggests that caffeine may be useful in preventing PONV.

Aims:

The aim of the study was to determine efficacy of intravenous (IV) caffeine given prior to surgery is effective prophylaxis against PONV.‍

Settings and Design:

We conducted a prospective, randomized, double‑blind, placebo‑controlled study.

Subject and Methods:

Patients at moderate or high risk of PONV were randomized to receive IV caffeine (500 mg) or saline placebo during general anesthesia; all patients received dexamethasone and dolasetron. Statistical analysis: Statistical comparisons were tested using bivariable linear and logistic regression for each outcome and then adjusted for high/low risk.

Results:

Nausea in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) was more common in the caffeine (16 of 62 patients) than the placebo  group (seven of 69; P = 0.02). There were no significant differences in the use of rescue antiemetics in the PACU, in the incidence  of nausea or vomiting over 24 h postoperatively, nor in other outcomes (headache, fatigue, or overall satisfaction) either in the  PACU or at 24 h; time‑to‑discharge was similar for both groups.

Conclusion:

Caffeine was not effective in the prevention of PONV or headache, and did not improve time‑to‑discharge or patient satisfaction.